“Crucial Design Codes Shaping Urban look”
Design codes, in the context of urban design in the United Kingdom, are a collection of rules and regulations that control the physical and aesthetic elements of development within a certain region. These guidelines are designed to guarantee that new developments adhere to larger urban design concepts, architectural standards, and community values. The objective is to create coherent and harmonious urban places that improve the quality of life for both inhabitants and tourists.
Developing urban design regulations in the UK requires taking into account a variety of issues, including land use, building form, materials, landscaping, and the general character of the place. Specific codes can vary by locality, as can general principles and considerations commonly found in urban design guidelines. These may include:
Figure 01: Characteristics of well-Designed space (National Design guide extract)
1.Design Principles:
Context Sensitivity: Emphasize the importance of designs that respond to the local context, considering existing architectural styles, historic features, and the overall urban fabric.
Placemaking: Encourage the creation of vibrant, well-designed places that foster a sense of community and identity.
2.Building Design:
Facade Articulation: Specify guidelines for articulating building facades to prevent monotony and enhance visual interest.
Roof Design: Provide recommendations for roof forms, including considerations for pitched roofs, green roofs, or other design elements that contribute to the character of the area.
Figure 02: Building Height and form (National Design Guide extract).
3. Public Realm and Streetscape:
Street Furniture: Define standards for street furniture such as benches, lighting, and public art to enhance the overall streetscape.
Pavement Design: Specify materials and designs for pedestrian pathways, considering accessibility and aesthetic coherence.
Figure 03: Public space.
4. Density and Land Use:
Mixed-Use Development: Encourage mixed-use zoning to create vibrant, walkable neighborhoods with a mix of residential, commercial, and recreational spaces.
Density Guidelines: Set parameters for the density of developments, balancing the need for housing with the preservation of open spaces.
Figure 04: Land use (National Design guide extract).
5.Community Spaces:
Public Gathering Spaces: Promote the creation of public squares, plazas, or communal spaces that facilitate social interaction.
Play Areas: Include guidelines for the design and provision of play areas for children, ensuring inclusivity and safety.
6.Environmental Sustainability:
Green Infrastructure: Advocate for the integration of green spaces, parks, and sustainable drainage systems to enhance biodiversity and manage water runoff.
Energy Efficiency: Set standards for energy-efficient building design, incorporating renewable energy sources and sustainable construction practices.
Figure 05: Environmental sustainability
7.Heritage Conservation:
Conservation Areas: Define the boundaries of conservation areas and outline specific regulations to protect the historic character of these zones.
Listed Buildings: Establish guidelines for alterations or additions to listed buildings, ensuring their preservation.
8. Wayfinding and Signage:
Signage Guidelines: Specify rules for the size, placement, and design of signage to maintain a clutter-free and visually cohesive environment.
Wayfinding Systems: Encourage the implementation of wayfinding systems to help residents and visitors navigate the urban environment.
9. Resilience and Adaptability:
Climate Resilience: Integrate measures for climate resilience, considering potential impacts such as flooding or extreme weather events.
Adaptive Reuse: Promote the adaptive reuse of existing structures to enhance sustainability and preserve architectural heritage.
Figure 06: Main design Characteristics of well-Designed space (National Design guide extract)
These design codes are typically outlined in local planning documents, development frameworks, or specific design guides. They guide the decision-making process for developers, architects, and local planning authorities, ensuring that new developments contribute positively to the overall urban environment.
References:
https://mobycon.com/updates/how-to-make-streets-into-great-public-spaces/
https://terrapass.co.uk/?utm_source=terrapass.com&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=redirect
https://www.designcouncil.org.uk/fileadmin/uploads/dc/Documents/the-use-of-urban-design-codes.pdf
